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São Paulo International Film Festival 2011: Jeanne and Hanezu

Jeanne

Jeanne opens with a story, told over black, of a young Palestinian woman's murder by an angry mob. We then see a flat digital image of a young, black-haired, wide-eyed white woman gazing at the camera. For the next 80-odd minutes, she stares at us, and we stare back; sometimes the camera revolves around her, and sometimes the film cuts to move up or down an empty chair. The soundtrack, meanwhile, plays snippets of al-Jazeera reports, sounds of riots, and a young woman's narration of Joan of Arc's diaries during her trial, along with the same unsourced voice's descriptions of being tortured.

The seated young woman seems meant to recall Maria Falconetti's persistent gaze in The Passion of Joan of Arc. Yet Shahram Varza's film becomes much more than a Palestinian Joan of Arc story, overlapping several discourses at once. First, there's the distant, canonical past of the Joan of Arc readings, as well as the number of different films that have been made of that story by very different directors (Roberto Rossellini, Robert Bresson, Luc Besson). Second, there's the more recent story of the murdered Palestinian woman. Third, there are the al-Jazeera and other archival sounds, conjuring up images of the Israel-Palestine conflict as well as Muslim fundamentalist oppression against women (the film's multiplicity of seen-and-heard women keeps the latter in mind). Fourth, there's the still more recent past of the filming of the actress and the recording of voices for the film's soundtrack. Fifth and finally, there's the viewer's present-tense experience of watching the film and combining them all. Continue Reading »




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São Paulo International Film Festival 2011: Innocent Saturday, The Waves, Look at Me Again, This Is Not a Film, & Once Upon a Time in Anatolia

Innocent Saturday

Many wonderful photographers that work with a moving camera use it to make movement seem light and graceful, as though the characters are dancing (Agnès Godard comes immediately to mind); the great Romanian cinematographer Oleg Mutu, by contrast, makes movement seem bulky and blocky. In films like The Death of Mr. Lazarescu and My Joy, his herks and jerks call attention to the weight of the camera as his subjects stumble, doubly emphasizing the difficulty of moving forward. He's a good satirist of post-Communist societies, in other words; he's also very gifted at working with 35mm, whose texture often makes the objects register with more detail than digital video does. This is especially true for Mutu's preferred color palette, a mix of nighttime blacks and muddy browns that wrestle each other for light.

Photographed by Mutu, Aleksandr Mindadze's Innocent Saturday, set in 1986, shows a young man running, then playing music and drinking, in order to avoid looking at the Chernobyl nuclear explosion. Many shots show him racing across the city; others show him fighting other men, the camera focusing on flailing hands and arms. Yet it ultimately adds up to a lot of nasty hysteria; it sprinkles the Chernobyl disaster in around the young man's encounters with his friends and girlfriend as if to try to thrill the viewer with the spectacle of real-life disaster. Continue Reading »




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São Paulo International Film Festival 2011: The Seventh Satellite, The Mystery of the Lagoons, Andino Fragments, The Day He Arrives, & More

The Mystery of the Lagoons, Andino Fragments

A prominent Brazilian film critic said that he was most excited for the nine Elia Kazan films screening at this year's Mostra. I said that the prints should be good, thinking about the complete Elia Kazan retrospective at New York's Film Forum in 2009, which included beautiful new prints of On the Waterfront and Wild River, and about the fact that Kazan's widow Frances was attending this year's festival in person. "Yes," he said, "I'm sure they're all on film."

The remark was surprising, until I considered it. I lived in New York for three years before moving to São Paulo last December, during which time I discovered a number of amazing films I would never have had exposure to otherwise, oftentimes on beautiful 35mm prints. Yet the city also instilled a kind of provincial thinking, leading me to assume that every other large city had the same resources. São Paulo is a wonderful place for filmgoing, with large series or retrospectives happening less than every two months, yet when you go to see an American or European film in repertory it's often an imported print with French or English subtitles, with additional Portuguese subtitles projected electronically beneath. This was certainly the case with complete retrospectives this year devoted to major filmmakers as various as Claire Denis, Alfred Hitchcock, Luc Moullet, and Béla Tarr; one of the programmers of last year's massive John Ford series told me he couldn't find a single Ford print in Brazil. Continue Reading »




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São Paulo International Film Festival 2011: Remembering Leon Cakoff, The Kid with a Bike, & A Trip to the Moon

Leon Cakoff

If you searched for English-language news of Leon Cakoff's death two Fridays ago at the age of 63 due to complications after a melanoma diagnosis soon after it happened, you would have found only a translated press release. By the time two notices appeared the following Monday—one on MUBI, one on this site—the release was what they leaned on. The lack of writing seemed strange considering who he was.

You may ask, "Who was he?" For starters, he was Manoel de Oliveira's recent co-producer, and the producer of anthology films featuring segments by directors such as Atom Egoyan, Amos Gitai, Tsai Ming-Liang, and Wim Wenders. He was a partner in UniBanco Arteplex, a large Brazilian art-house theater chain. He was, as critic Amir Labaki put it, the only major Brazilian film personality "to write, edit books, produce, direct, act, distribute, and exhibit movies." Above all, he was the founder of the São Paulo International Film Festival (Mostra), the most recent annual edition of which began this past Thursday, less than a week after his death.

You might not have heard of the festival. That's not because it's new: The Mostra is entering its 35th year. It's the largest festival in Brazil, and one of the largest in Latin America. This year's edition alone features around 300 titles. Continue Reading »




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World Cinema Foundation: A Conversation with Executive Director Kent Jones

A River Called Titas

The most exciting new releases can be older films. This is certainly the case with the work of the World Cinema Foundation, a Martin Scorsese-founded group whose mission is to preserve international classics. Beginning with Trances, a 1981 record of the Moroccan rock group Nass El Ghiwane, the WCF has restored 12 films ranging from the legendary (A Brighter Summer Day) to the obscure (Two Girls on the Street). Several of the films, like The Housemaid and Revenge, use interpersonal violence as a metaphor for greater societal tensions. But their main commonality is that they all look incredible.

For the next two weeks BAMcinématek will be showing the World Cinema Foundation's restorations. After seeing half the titles, I can already conclude that this is the New York repertory series of the year. I spoke to film critic and WCF Executive Director Kent Jones about it. Continue Reading »




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Mapping Subjectivity: Experimentation in Arab Cinema from the 1960s to Now, Part I

The Time That Remains

"I was just wondering about these people who travel across the world to come and see our heritage and how great our grandfathers were while most of us haven't or aren't even planning to see any of it," an Egyptian character says, sitting outside the pyramids in Domestic Tourism II. The quote, appearing in the film's clever mix of scenes from Egyptian films featuring the pyramids, seemed an appropriate epigraph at times for this past year's Abu Dhabi Film Festival, during which a largely expat audience watched Middle Eastern repertory treats that its home crowds had never seen before. Now the tables have been turned, as the Middle East comes to the West with "Mapping Subjectivity: Experimentation in Arab Cinema from the 1960s to Now," an ongoing tied-in program of Arab films playing at MoMA.

The three-part series's earliest films begin around the time former European colonies like Algeria broke free of their masters. A reason many Arab audiences have never had the chance to see these prints (including a gorgeous restoration of the great Egyptian film The Mummy), according to series programmer Rasha Salti, is that their countries and territories haven't developed full archives. The curators spent three years searching for films for the series, not just because they wanted a comprehensive show, but because several films were difficult to find. The results, like 1972's Iraqi-Syrian coproduced tale of childhood torment Al-Yazerli, are often rewarding, enough so that you want to come back for the subsequent rounds. Continue Reading »




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Abu Dhabi Film Festival 2010: Final Impressions

Abu Dhabi Film Festival 2010

"It's a surreal place, isn't it?" someone asked me about Abu Dhabi. The question made me think about my last night at the festival: Attending a gala, red-carpet, invite-only awards ceremony at the Emirates Palace, wondering what I was doing there, leaving 12 minutes in to catch another movie at the Abu Dhabi Theatre, falling asleep during it from too much sightseeing and partying, and waking up at the end to attend another party. I did these things rather than visit the labor camps about 20 minutes outside the city, where much of the working-class population lives. I told myself at the airport the next morning that I hadn't made the time.

That's Abu Dhabi for you—a city that paints a big smile for tourists, and one that exists where and as you care to see it. Wherever I went, though, I heard a voice screaming inside my head. At the Emirates Palace you can buy gold coins from a vending machine—and the voice went, but that's not reality! Next to the Abu Dhabi Theatre lies the Heritage Village, where you can see a wooden house built for your pleasure, a museum with myriad undated axes, fishing nets, and Korans, and a row of postcard-selling huts—and the voice cried, but that's not reality! A short bus ride, and you catch the Grand Mosque, a towering white dome that women must don abayat to enter, where a digital clock reads the six daily prayer times, and where seven enormous bejeweled chandeliers loom overhead. Large groups of people stream in and out to pray. Is this reality? Continue Reading »




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Abu Dhabi Film Festival 2010: An Interview with Executive Director Peter Scarlet

Peter Scarlet

Peter Scarlet is the Executive Director of the Abu Dhabi Film Festival. This is his second year at the festival. He has also held head positions at the Tribeca Film Festival, the Cinémathèque Française, and the San Francisco International Film Festival.

Aaron Cutler: I came across an interesting quote from you. You said, "We're here not just to do a film festival, but to start a film culture." Could you elaborate?

Peter Scarlet: Here in Abu Dhabi, and I think in most of the UAE, when people want to go to the movies they go to the malls, and they have a choice between midrange Hollywood and Bollywood—or next week, for a change, there's midrange Bollywood and Hollywood. Every once in a while, maybe every month or two, just to liven things up there's an Egyptian film. Some of them may be perfectly fine. But the world of cinema's a lot broader than that, and a lot more diverse, and a lot older. So one of the things we're trying to do with this festival is show films from countries that never appear on screen here, show genres like documentaries and shorts and student work and experimental work, and show films from the past. Last year I had a wonderful screening of silent films, including some Chaplin and Keaton archival prints, [accompanist] Neil Brand came here from London, and it was like, "Wow, I'm showing silent movies for the first time in the whole country!" It was revolutionary. Continue Reading »




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Abu Dhabi Film Festival Dispatch 2010: How Bitter My Sweet!, Living Skin, and Orion

How Bitter My Sweet!

You couldn't walk through this year's Abu Dhabi Film Festival without bumping nose-first into politics. Both fiction films and documentaries, from many different countries of origin, covered abandoned, ravaged, or forgotten people; even Hollywood's Fair Game addressed Iraq. Audiences got in on the act by discussing films politically, rather than aesthetically. Every post-screening Q&A that I attended featured at least one impassioned speech about whether the film was a good representation of Egyptian/Syrian/Lebanese/Palestinian life. I soon caught the fever, and approached nearly every movie looking for what it had to say rather than how it said it. I'm still considering the validity of this approach. One could say that aesthetics is a wimp's retreat from meaning; one could also say that invoking politics helps avoid mentioning whether a film is any good. Both views are right, but if the festival has taught me anything, it's that you can't assess a movie without considering what it says about the world outside the theater. The wealth of festival films—both documentary and fiction—openly wrestling with race, class, and gender disparities suggests how cowardly any film is that pretends they don't exist. Continue Reading »




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Abu Dhabi Film Festival 2010: Homeland and We Were Communists

Homeland

The documentary Homeland starts reasonably enough: Dutch filmmaker George Sluizer (The Vanishing) travels to Palestine to visit a few families he's been filming since 1974. As the film continues, however, Sluizer's anti-Zionism swallows the characters. By the time Sluizer tells an Ariel Sharon photo that he'd have liked Sharon to die in Auschwitz, you've figured out where the movie stands. You're tempted to think that you're listening to a crazy person, until you consider how many people sound crazy when they discuss Palestine.

What we talk about when we talk about Palestine often isn't the landmass, but the feelings of rage, anguish, and displacement (literal and figurative) that its political condition excites. The excited people are frequently not Palestinian, but those in the Western media, whose voices cry out much more loudly than those of Palestinians do. Yet whenever I watch government officials decry either side, I can't help but think of the moment in Godard's Film Socialism where the word "Palestine" appears with a big red slash through it. Access to Palestinian narratives is blocked by settlement walls. (It says something about marketing's search for familiar images that the best known Palestinian film in America, Paradise Now, is about suicide bombers.) I feel deprived of a large and very important number of stories about Palestine, which are the stories Palestinians are telling about themselves. Continue Reading »




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Abu Dhabi Film Festival 2010: In a Better World and Gesher

In a Better World

In a Better World is the sort of movie that wins the Best Foreign Language Film Oscar. This isn't a compliment. Susanne Bier's new Danish-Swedish globalization thriller exposes conflicts between cultures, countries, classes, and cohorts, and then promptly resolves them all.

One boy feels neglected because his father's still mourning his mother's death; another kid cries lonesome because his father's away at work. Dad #2's a humanitarian worker in Kenya, where a fat, laughing, monstrous black warlord (dead eye, maggot-ridden leg) smacks his lips over a woman. Back home the kids, upset over being bullied, lash out by building a bomb. Everyone eventually realizes their mistakes. No good person hurts in a way that can't be healed. All wounds dissolve within renewed family bonds.

"Violence begets violence," Monsieur Verdoux said, quite rightly. The dominant theme I've been noticing in many of this year's festival movies is hope for peace begetting peace. They're anti-vengeance films in which social structures cause conflict rather than individual actors, and in which the solution is to work on the system. Continue Reading »




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Abu Dhabi Film Festival 2010: Abbas Kiarostami's Rain, Roads of Kiarostami, and Sea Eggs

Rain

The room was abuzz for an Abbas Kiarostami entrance. I sat terrified, hoping, but knowing what others didn't—that he was sick, and might not come. Festival head Peter Scarlet finally strode to the front and broke the bad news. But Kiarostami had left three short films for us, so "Have a good screening." I stood up, feeling broken, and began to walk out, then turned and retook my seat. A new film by Kiarostami, even if it's only a few minutes long, is always worth watching.

Not that Rain, the first short, is new, per se. It's made up of a series of photographs that were previously presented at a Pompidou Centre exhibition. "I would drive in the rain with one hand on the wheel, and take pictures with the other," he has explained. The film shows images of trees melting and waving, water covering the window. And that's it.

Yet the film is also more than its images. After a series of complex, multi-character masterpieces like Close-Up and The Wind Will Carry Us, Kiarostami spent much of the past decade as a minimalist filmmaker, ignoring editing and camera movement to simply focus on the images in front of him. The many people who complained that he had lost his gifts as a filmmaker ignored how he had returned to his original gifts as a photographer and poet. Kiarostami's poems, usually no more than three to four lines each, continue just long enough to capture the poet's wonder at an image—the intricacy of a spider's web, or the whiteness of falling snow. His willingness to simply look was in fact one of the things that then made him a great filmmaker. Most movies don't linger on falling leaves or rolling spray cans, let alone on conversation. From the beginning Kiarostami's movies refreshed the world by encouraging the viewer to look at it. Continue Reading »




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Abu Dhabi Film Festival 2010: In/Out of the Room and Tears of Gaza

In/Out of the Room

What does it take to become an executioner? The question lies at the heart of the Egyptian documentary In/Out of the Room, and the answer seems to be supreme intelligence, confidence, and above all, rationality. The film's protagonist is an older Ashmawi, or state executioner, who has broken the record for men hanged. "I've killed 1,000 men and nobody's tried me," he tells a woman on a bus. "Guess it's too late now."

Not that he thinks his profession is wrong—in fact, quite the opposite. This exceedingly normal-seeming, good-tempered man begins the film saying that he first applied to be an executioner because it was honest work that paid well. Now, though, he believes that "There is favor between me and God." We learn all this in close-ups as the man talks by a lapping sea, or hangs out at his favorite hookah bar, the place he best finds peace.

The movie spreads his perspective a little by interviewing other Ashmawis. But no matter how much they discuss the daily activity of the job, and even traumatic experiences with victims (the tale of the obese man who wouldn't hang rings particularly vivid), you still feel that you're missing an essential element—namely, the victims themselves. Continue Reading »




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Abu Dhabi Film Festival 2010: Gérard Depardieu, Lebleba, and More Abu Dhabi Impressions

Gérard Depardieu

Stars drop in and out with great frequency at the Abu Dhabi Film Festival. Clive Owen (no festival movie) flew into town for opening night and ate breakfast with journalists the next morning; Om Puri (West Is West) materialized out of an elevator, and gave me just enough time to squeal, "You're a great actor," before vanishing once more. Adrien Brody has been here, and Julianne Moore and Irrfan Khan will be. Gérard Depardieu came to promote his new movie, François Ozon's campy fashion show Potiche, in which he plays a muted man falling hard for Catherine Deneuve.

A group of us walked into the actor's hotel room to see the 61 year-old Cyrano sniffing nasal decongestant. His bare toes crinkled toward us, his shirt lay proudly unbuttoned, and he seized his fat belly at times to show he was unashamed. He gave the overall impression that he often gives on screen: a funny-looking, awkward-seeming dude who keeps shocking you with his sheer physical energy, then winning you with loquacity. He often spoke in rambling French, sometimes English, avoiding any recent controversies like his unprompted Juliette Binoche slam and returning over and over to the need to honor cinema of the past. Continue Reading »




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Abu Dhabi Film Festival 2010: The Mummy (a.k.a. The Night of Counting the Years)

The MummyYou can assess a film festival's attitude on cinema by its repertory choices. Sundance, which very briefly nods toward past independent cinema while unfurling new work, pushes film as progressive-transgressive; New York, with generous repertory sidebars and special events, presents film as an art form in need of historical contextualization and appreciation; Cannes premieres glamorous new restorations as part of its party scene. I'm increasingly sensing that Abu Dhabi is a sampler festival: a Hollywood visit (Secretariat), some European fun (Potiche, Carlos), political and environmental documentaries (the What in the World Are We Doing to Our World? sidebar), shorts both international and local. Many of the ADFF's films have come pretested at other festivals, as I've noted, though the lineup also offers several world premieres. It seems like the festival is trying to appeal to as many different kinds of moviegoers as possible, perhaps in keeping with the multi-interest, multi-ethnic, multi-origin, multinational crowd of press and industry reps, filmmakers, and casual filmgoers attending. The repertory programming also offers a few choice selections—some films from an upcoming Museum of Modern Art show of Arab cinema, and high-profile restorations of Metropolis, The Circus, and the 1969 Egyptian film The Mummy (a.k.a. The Night of Counting the Years). Continue Reading »




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